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Cosmetic Surgery guides
24 plain-English, evidence-linked guides in Cosmetic Surgery, with clinical review status shown on each page.
Anti-wrinkle injections (Botulinum toxin injections)Injections of a prescription-only muscle-relaxing medicine that soften lines caused by facial expression, such as frown lines and crow's feet.Arm lift (brachioplasty) (brachioplasty)Surgery to remove loose, excess skin and sometimes fat from the upper arms to improve their shape, often after major weight loss.Body lift (belt lipectomy / lower body lift (circumferential body lift))A large operation that removes excess skin and fat all the way around the lower body — tummy, hips, flanks and back — and lifts the buttocks and outer thighs, usually after major weight loss.Brazilian butt lift / buttock augmentation (gluteal fat grafting (lipofilling); buttock augmentation)Surgery to reshape or enlarge the buttocks, most often by liposuctioning fat from elsewhere on your body and injecting it into the buttocks, and sometimes by using implants.Breast enlargement (breast augmentation)Surgery to increase the size or change the shape of the breasts, usually with implants and sometimes with the patient's own fat.Breast implant removal / replacement (breast implant explantation and exchange (with or without capsulectomy))Surgery to take out breast implants — sometimes together with the scar-tissue capsule around them — and either leave them out or replace them with new ones.Breast reduction (reduction mammoplasty)Surgery to remove excess breast tissue, fat and skin to make the breasts smaller, lighter and better supported.Breast uplift (mastopexy) (mastopexy)Surgery to lift and reshape breasts that have drooped, by removing excess skin and raising the nipple, sometimes combined with an implant for added fullness.Brow lift (Brow lift (forehead lift / browplasty))Surgery to raise and reshape a heavy or low brow and smooth the forehead, usually for a less tired or frowning look.Cheek augmentation (Cheek augmentation (malar / cheek implants or fat transfer))Surgery to add projection or fullness to the cheeks, using either a solid implant or the body's own fat.Chemical peel (Chemical exfoliation (chemexfoliation))A treatment that applies a chemical solution to remove outer layers of skin, aiming to improve texture, tone and some fine lines.Chin augmentation (Chin augmentation (genioplasty / chin implant))Surgery to increase the projection or improve the shape of the chin, using either an implant or by moving the chin bone forward.Dermal fillers (Injectable soft-tissue fillers)Injectable gels used to add volume or smooth lines in areas such as the lips, cheeks and folds around the mouth.Ear correction (pinnaplasty / otoplasty) (Pinnaplasty / otoplasty (prominent ear correction))Surgery to reshape or reposition prominent or misshapen ears so they sit closer to the head.Eyelid surgery (blepharoplasty)Surgery to remove or reposition excess skin and fat from the upper or lower eyelids for a fresher, less tired look.Facelift (rhytidectomy)Surgery to lift and reposition the sagging tissues of the lower face and neck, softening jowls and folds for a firmer, more rested look.Labiaplasty (Labiaplasty (labia minora reduction))Surgery to reduce or reshape the labia minora, the inner folds of skin around the opening of the vagina.Laser skin resurfacing (Laser resurfacing (ablative and non-ablative))A treatment that uses laser light to remove or heat layers of skin, aiming to improve texture, fine lines, scars and sun damage.Lip augmentation (lip fillers) (Lip augmentation with dermal filler)A non-surgical treatment that injects dermal filler into the lips to add volume or change their shape.LiposuctionSurgery to remove pockets of stubborn fat from specific areas of the body to reshape them — not a treatment for being overweight.Male chest reduction (gynaecomastia surgery)Surgery to reduce enlarged male breast tissue and fat for a flatter, firmer chest, sometimes called male breast reduction.Nose job (rhinoplasty)Surgery to change the shape, size or proportions of the nose, or to correct breathing problems caused by its structure.Thigh lift (thighplasty)Surgery to remove loose, excess skin and sometimes fat from the thighs to improve their shape, often after major weight loss.Tummy tuck (abdominoplasty)Surgery to remove loose skin and fat from the tummy and tighten the underlying muscles, creating a flatter, firmer abdomen.
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